Operation
of
a
Typical
DeGERM-inatorTM
in
Time
and
Energy
to
Inactivate
or
Destroy
90%
Plus
of
the
Organisms
Listed
Below
ORGANISM
Approximate
time
(in
seconds)
required
at
specified
irradiance
in
microwatts
per
square
centimeter
(µW/cm2)
Energy
required
1500
µW/cm2
in
seconds
(new
batteries)
1000
µW/cm2 in
seconds
(after
3
hours
of
use)
µW.sec
cm2
BACTERIA
S.
enteritidis
3
4
4000
B.
megatherium
sp.
(veg)
*
1
1
1300
B.
megatherium
sp.
(spores)
*
2
3
2730
B.
paratyphosus
2
3
3200
B.
subtilis
*
5
7
7100
Corynebacterium
diphtheriae
*
2
3
3370
Eberthella
typhosa
1
2
2140
Escherichia
coli
(E.
coli)
*
2
3
3000
Micrococcus
candidus
4
6
6050
Neisseria
catarrhalis
3
4
4400
Phytomonas
tumefaciens
3
4
4400
Proteus
vulgaris
*
2
3
2640
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
*
4
6
5500
Pseudomonas
fluorescens
2
4
3500
S.
typhimurium
5
8
8000
Seratia
marcescens
*
2
2
2450
Dysentery
bacilli
1
2
2200
Shigella
paradysenteriae
1
2
1680
Spirillum
rubrum
3
4
4400
Staphylococcus
albus
1
2
1840
Staphylococcus
aureus
*
2
3
2600
Streptococcus
hemolyticus
1
2
2160
Streptococcus
lactis
4
6
6150
Streptococcus
viridans
1
2
2000
Salmonella
paratyphi-enteric
fever
2
3
3200
Nitric
comma
(cholera)
2
3
3375
Leptospira
canicola
(infectious
jaundice)
2
3
3150
VIRUSES
Infectious
hepatitis
4
6
5800
Poliovirus
poliomyelitis
2
3
3150
Influenza
2
3
3400
For
optimal
use,
operate
at
77°F
(25°C)
at
a
maximum
distance
of
0.5
inch
(1.3cm)
with
fresh
batteries
(less
than
3
hours
of
use).
*
Tests
conducted
and
verified
under
Anastasia
Gregoriades,
Ph.D.,
at
Queens
College
(New
York)
established
the
kill
ratio
by
the
DeGERM-inatorTM
on
the
organisms
cited.
The
lethal
exposure
time
of
the
organism
is
determined
by
the
wavelength
of
radiation,
density
of
radiant
flux
(µW/cm
2)
and
time.
The
time
required
to
kill
or
inactivate
greater
than
90%
is
proportionate
to
the
ratio
of
the
required
killing
energy
and
the
irradiance
of
the
light
source,
i.e.,
Time
=
Energy
Required
(µW.sec/cm2)/
Irradiance
(µW/cm2).
The
ultraviolet
output
can
vary
considerably
with
temperature,
distance
and
battery
charge.
Safe
exposure
limits
for
ultraviolet
germicidal
radiation
have
been
set
by
the
American
Conference
of
Governmental
and
Industrial
Hygienists,
as
noted
below.
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